Pesquisa revela que dormir pode ajudar a memória

quarta-feira, agosto 23, 2017

Formation and suppression of acoustic memories during human sleep

Thomas Andrillon, Daniel Pressnitzer, Damien Léger & Sid Kouider

Nature Communications 8, Article number: 179 (2017)

doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00071-z 

Human behaviour Perception Sleep

Received: 13 April 2016

Accepted: 30 May 2017

Published online: 08 August 2017



Abstract

Sleep and memory are deeply related, but the nature of the neuroplastic processes induced by sleep remains unclear. Here, we report that memory traces can be both formed or suppressed during sleep, depending on sleep phase. We played samples of acoustic noise to sleeping human listeners. Repeated exposure to a novel noise during Rapid Eye Movements (REM) or light non-REM (NREM) sleep leads to improvements in behavioral performance upon awakening. Strikingly, the same exposure during deep NREM sleep leads to impaired performance upon awakening. Electroencephalographic markers of learning extracted during sleep confirm a dissociation between sleep facilitating memory formation (light NREM and REM sleep) and sleep suppressing learning (deep NREM sleep). We can trace these neural changes back to transient sleep events, such as spindles for memory facilitation and slow waves for suppression. Thus, highly selective memory processes are active during human sleep, with intertwined episodes of facilitative and suppressive plasticity.

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by ANR grants (ANR-10-LABX-0087 and ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02), by the European Research Council (ERC project METAWARE to S.K. and ERC project ADAM to D.P.), by the EU H2020 program (COCOHA #644732 to DP), and by the Ministère de la Recherche and the Société Française de Recherche et Médecine du Sommeil (T.A.). We thank V. Bayon, A. Dalbin, L. de Sanctis, M. Elbaz, S. Rio, and C. Varazzani for their help.

Author information

Affiliations

Brain and Consciousness Group (ENS, EHESS, CNRS), Département d’Études Cognitives, École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France

Thomas Andrillon & Sid Kouider

École Doctorale Cerveau Cognition Comportement, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, 75005, France

Thomas Andrillon

Laboratoire des Systèmes Perceptifs, CNRS UMR 8248, Département d’Études Cognitives, École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France

Daniel Pressnitzer

Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, APHP, Hôtel Dieu, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance et EA 7330 VIFASOM, Paris, 75006, France

Damien Léger

Contributions

T.A., D.P., D.L., and S.K. designed the study. T.A. collected and analyzed the data. T.A., D.P., D.L., and S.K. wrote the paper.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Thomas Andrillon or Sid Kouider.

FREE PDF GRATIS: Nature Communications Sup. Info. Sup. Audio 1 Sup. Audio 2